Full Text:   <873>

Summary:  <291>

CLC number: 

On-line Access: 2022-07-19

Received: 2021-12-30

Revision Accepted: 2022-03-17

Crosschecked: 2022-07-19

Cited: 0

Clicked: 1078

Citations:  Bibtex RefMan EndNote GB/T7714

 ORCID:

Jia-xin LIANG

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6346-9883

Xiao-wu TANG

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0916-8761

-   Go to

Article info.
Open peer comments

Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE A 2022 Vol.23 No.7 P.564-578

http://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A2100683


Numerical analysis of the influence of a river on tunnelling-induced ground deformation in soft soil


Author(s):  Jia-xin LIANG, Xiao-wu TANG, Tian-qi WANG, Yu-hang YE, Ying-jing LIU

Affiliation(s):  Research Center of Coastal and Urban Geotechnical Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; more

Corresponding email(s):   tangxiaowu@zju.edu.cn

Key Words:  Tunnelling, Ground deformation, Numerical analysis, Reinforcement


Jia-xin LIANG, Xiao-wu TANG, Tian-qi WANG, Yu-hang YE, Ying-jing LIU. Numerical analysis of the influence of a river on tunnelling-induced ground deformation in soft soil[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science A, 2022, 23(7): 564-578.

@article{title="Numerical analysis of the influence of a river on tunnelling-induced ground deformation in soft soil",
author="Jia-xin LIANG, Xiao-wu TANG, Tian-qi WANG, Yu-hang YE, Ying-jing LIU",
journal="Journal of Zhejiang University Science A",
volume="23",
number="7",
pages="564-578",
year="2022",
publisher="Zhejiang University Press & Springer",
doi="10.1631/jzus.A2100683"
}

%0 Journal Article
%T Numerical analysis of the influence of a river on tunnelling-induced ground deformation in soft soil
%A Jia-xin LIANG
%A Xiao-wu TANG
%A Tian-qi WANG
%A Yu-hang YE
%A Ying-jing LIU
%J Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE A
%V 23
%N 7
%P 564-578
%@ 1673-565X
%D 2022
%I Zhejiang University Press & Springer
%DOI 10.1631/jzus.A2100683

TY - JOUR
T1 - Numerical analysis of the influence of a river on tunnelling-induced ground deformation in soft soil
A1 - Jia-xin LIANG
A1 - Xiao-wu TANG
A1 - Tian-qi WANG
A1 - Yu-hang YE
A1 - Ying-jing LIU
J0 - Journal of Zhejiang University Science A
VL - 23
IS - 7
SP - 564
EP - 578
%@ 1673-565X
Y1 - 2022
PB - Zhejiang University Press & Springer
ER -
DOI - 10.1631/jzus.A2100683


Abstract: 
When tunnels are constructed in coastal cities, they will inevitably undercross a river. Exploring the influence of rivers on tunnelling-induced deformation in costal soft soil is of great significance for controlling excessive settlement and protecting surrounding buildings. This paper presents a case study of twin tunnels undercrossing a river in soft soil in Hangzhou, China. The soft soil of Hangzhou refers to cohesive soil in a soft plastic or fluid plastic state with high natural water content, high compressibility, low bearing capacity, and low shear strength. Considering the influence of the river, the research region was divided into two parts, inside and outside the river-affected area, based on monitoring data of the Zizhi Tunnel. The development law of surface settlement is divided into three stages. In the first and second stages, the surface settlement within and outside the river-affected area showed a similar trend: the settlement increased and the growth rate of settlement in the second stage was smaller within the river-affected area. In the third stage, the surface settlement continued to increase within the river-affected area, while it converged outside the river-affected area. Within the river-affected area, there was an asynchronization of the sinking rate and stability of vault settlements and surface settlements. A numerical model was established by simulating different reinforcements of the tunnel. The numerical model revealed that the ground movement is influenced by the distribution and amount of the excess pore water pressure. The excess pore pressure was concentrated mostly in the range of 1.0Ht–3.0Ht (Ht is the tunnel height) before the tunnel face, especially within the river-affected area. Inside the river-affected area, the dissipation of excess pore water pressure needs more time, leading to slow stabilization of surface settlement. When undercrossing a river, a cofferdam is necessary to reduce excessive ground deformation by dispersing the distribution of excess pore water pressure.

河流对软土隧道开挖引起的变形的数值分析

作者:梁家馨1,2,唐晓武1,2,王天琦1,2,叶宇航1,2,刘映晶3
机构:1浙江大学,滨海与城市岩土工程研究中心,中国杭州,310058;2浙江省城市地下空间开发工程研究中心,中国杭州,310058;3中天建设集团,中国杭州,310020
目的:在沿海城市修建隧道时,不可避免地要穿过河流。本文旨在探究河流对沿海软土隧道掘进变形的影响,地下水渗流引起的孔隙水压力对地表变形的影响,以及围堰施工对控制沉降的作用,为控制穿越河流的隧道开挖引起的过度沉降和保护周边建筑物提供理论参考。
创新点:1.基于紫之隧道现场监测数据系统分析了地铁穿越河流段隧道施工引起的地表沉降在河流影响范围内与外的发展过程和沉降特征;2.建立了数值模型对现场情况进行模拟,并与实测数据进行对比,验证了数值模型的可行性;3.研究了河流影响范围外、河流影响范围内无围堰和河流影响范围内有围堰三种工况对地表沉降及超静孔隙水压的影响。
方法:1.结合隧道施工方案及地表沉降监测数据,分析河流对地表沉降的影响,并对比河流影响范围内外地表及拱顶沉降的发展规律(图5~7);2.通过Plaxis 3D数值模型,研究河流影响范围内外的沉降及超静孔隙水压发展情况,并与实测数据进行对比(图11,12,16和17);3.通过模拟围堰施工与否,研究围堰施工对于地表沉降的控制效果,以及对开挖面超静孔隙水压的影响(图14~17)。
结论:1.河流影响范围内外的地表沉降发展规律不同,但都可以分为三个阶段;在第一阶段和第二阶段,河流影响范围内外地表沉降趋势相似,沉降增加,但河流影响范围内第二阶段沉降增长速度较小;在第三阶段,河流影响范围内的沉降继续增加,但在河流影响范围外趋于稳定;河流影响范围内的地表沉降与拱顶沉降不同步增长。2.数值模型揭示了地表沉降受到超静孔隙水压分布与大小的影响,超静孔隙水压主要集中在掌子面钱1.0Ht~3.0Ht的范围内(Ht为隧道高度);在河流影响范围内,超孔隙水压力的消散需要更多时间,使地表沉降缓慢稳定。3.当隧道施工穿越河流时,需要围堰以减少过度的地面变形,因为围堰的施工可使超孔隙水压力的分布更加分散。

关键词:隧道;地表变形;数值分析;加固措施

Darkslateblue:Affiliate; Royal Blue:Author; Turquoise:Article

Reference

[1]BroereW, 2003. Influence of excess pore pressures on the stability of the tunnel face. In: Saveur J (Ed.), (Re) Claiming the Underground Space. A.A. Balkema, Lisse, the Netherlands, p.759-765.

[2]CattoniE, MirianoC, BocoL, et al., 2016. Time-dependent ground movements induced by shield tunneling in soft clay: a parametric study. Acta Geotechnica, 11(6):‍1385-1399.

[3]CesanoD, OlofssonB, BagtzoglouAC, 2000. Parameters regulating groundwater inflows into hard rock tunnels—a statistical study of the Bolmen tunnel in Southern Sweden. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 15(2):153-165.

[4]ChapmanDN, RogersC, HuntL, 2006. Predicting the settlements above closely spaced triple tunnels constructions in soft ground. Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference of TC 28 of the ISSMGE, p.219-224.

[5]ChapmanDN, AhnSK, HuntDVL, 2007. Investigating ground movements caused by the construction of multiple tunnels in soft ground using laboratory model tests. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 44(6):631-643.

[6]DayMJ, 2004. Karstic problems in the construction of Milwaukee’s deep tunnels. Environmental Geology, 45(6):859-863.

[7]DivallS, 2013. Ground Movements Associated with Twin-Tunnel Construction in Clay. PhD Thesis, City University London, London, UK.

[8]GohATC, ZhangRH, WangW, et al., 2020. Numerical study of the effects of groundwater drawdown on ground settlement for excavation in residual soils. Acta Geotechnica, 15(5):1259-1272.

[9]HajjarM, HayatiAN, AhmadiMM, et al., 2015. Longitudinal settlement profile in shallow tunnels in drained conditions. International Journal of Geomechanics, 15(6):1-12.

[10]HöfleR, FillibeckJ, VogtN, 2008. Time dependent deformations during tunnelling and stability of tunnel faces in fine-grained soils under groundwater. Acta Geotechnica, 3(4):309-316.

[11]HuangJ, ZhangDL, 2004. Analysis of large deformation regularity in stratum above metro tunnel. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 25(8):1288-1292 (in Chinese).

[12]LiZ, LuoZJ, XuCH, et al., 2019. 3D fluid-solid full coupling numerical simulation of soil deformation induced by shield tunnelling. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 90:174-182.

[13]LiangY, ZhangJ, ChenXY, 2021. The impact of excess pore pressure on the support stability of a shield when tunnelling in sand stratum. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 25(8):3136-3145.

[14]LiuW, ZhaoY, ShiPX, et al., 2018. Face stability analysis of shield-driven tunnels shallowly buried in dry sand using 1-g large-scale model tests. Acta Geotechnica, 13(1):1-13.

[15]LiuW, WuB, ShiPX, et al., 2021. Analysis on face stability of rectangular cross-sectional shield tunneling based on an improved two-dimensional rotational mechanism. Acta Geotechnica, 16(11):3725-3738.

[16]MaL, 2015. Application research of steel sheet pile cofferdam in water-pier reinforcement engineering. Transportation Science & Technology, (3):31-34 (in Chinese).

[17]MairRJ, 1996. Settlement effects of bored tunnels. International Conference of Geotechnical Aspects on Underground Construction in Soft Ground, p.43-53.

[18]O’ReillyMP, NewBM, 1982. Settlements above tunnels in the United Kingdom‍–‍their magnitude and prediction. Proceedings of Tunnelling’82 Symposium, p.‍173-181.

[19]PeckBR, 1969. Deep excavations and tunneling in soft ground. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundations Engineering, p.225-290.

[20]SahooJP, KumarB, 2019. Support pressure for stability of circular tunnels driven in granular soil under water table. Computers and Geotechnics, 109:58-68.

[21]ShahinHM, NakaiT, IshiiK, et al., 2016. Investigation of influence of tunneling on existing building and tunnel: model tests and numerical simulations. Acta Geotechnica, 11(3):679-692.

[22]SogaK, LaverRG, LiZL, 2017. Long-term tunnel behaviour and ground movements after tunnelling in clayey soils. Underground Space, 2(3):149-167.

[23]SuwansawatS, EinsteinHH, 2007. Describing settlement troughs over twin tunnels using a superposition technique. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 133(4):445-468.

[24]TangXW, GanPL, LiuW, et al., 2017. Surface settlements induced by tunneling in permeable strata: a case history of Shenzhen Metro. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A (Applied Physics & Engineering), 18(10):757-775.

[25]TangXW, LiangJX, LiuW, et al., 2021. Modification of peck formula to predict ground surface settlement of twin tunnels in low permeability soil. Advances in Civil Engineering, 2021:6698673.

[26]WanMSP, StandingJR, PottsDM, et al., 2019. Pore water pressure and total horizontal stress response to EPBM tunnelling in London Clay. Géotechnique, 69(5):434-457.

[27]WeiXJ, ChenWJ, WeiG, et al., 2012. Research on distribution of initial excess pore water pressure due to shield tunnelling. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 33(7):‍2103-2109 (in Chinese).

[28]XuH, LiangZG, 2015. Reinforcement technology of large-scale steel sheet pile cofferdam in soft foundation on the sea. Construction Technology, 44(17):120-123 (in Chinese).

[29]XuT, BezuijenA, 2018. Analytical methods in predicting excess pore water pressure in front of slurry shield in saturated sandy ground. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 73:203-211.

[30]YooC, 2016. Ground settlement during tunneling in groundwater drawdown environment–influencing factors. Underground Space, 1(1):20-29.

[31]YooC, LeeYJ, KimSH, et al., 2012. Tunnelling-induced ground settlements in a groundwater drawdown environment‍–‍a case history. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 29:69-77.

[32]ZhouH, GaoY, ZhangCQ, et al., 2018. A 3D model of coupled hydro-mechanical simulation of double shield TBM excavation. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 71:1-14.

Open peer comments: Debate/Discuss/Question/Opinion

<1>

Please provide your name, email address and a comment





Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
Tel: +86-571-87952783; E-mail: cjzhang@zju.edu.cn
Copyright © 2000 - 2024 Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE