Full Text:   <1029>

CLC number: 

On-line Access: 2024-08-27

Received: 2023-10-17

Revision Accepted: 2024-05-08

Crosschecked: 2023-03-31

Cited: 0

Clicked: 1272

Citations:  Bibtex RefMan EndNote GB/T7714

 ORCID:

Kang DUAN

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6803-4803

-   Go to

Article info.
Open peer comments

Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE A 2023 Vol.24 No.4 P.332-349

http://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A2200235


Examining the influence of the loading path on the cracking characteristics of a pre-fractured rock specimen with discrete element method simulation


Author(s):  Kang DUAN, Ri-hua JIANG, Xue-jian LI, Lu-chao WANG, Ze-ying YANG

Affiliation(s):  School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China

Corresponding email(s):   yangzy@sdu.edu.cn

Key Words:  Cracking process, Loading path, Fractured rock mass, Discrete element method (DEM), Local stress concentration


Kang DUAN, Ri-hua JIANG, Xue-jian LI, Lu-chao WANG, Ze-ying YANG. Examining the influence of the loading path on the cracking characteristics of a pre-fractured rock specimen with discrete element method simulation[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science A, 2023, 24(4): 332-349.

@article{title="Examining the influence of the loading path on the cracking characteristics of a pre-fractured rock specimen with discrete element method simulation",
author="Kang DUAN, Ri-hua JIANG, Xue-jian LI, Lu-chao WANG, Ze-ying YANG",
journal="Journal of Zhejiang University Science A",
volume="24",
number="4",
pages="332-349",
year="2023",
publisher="Zhejiang University Press & Springer",
doi="10.1631/jzus.A2200235"
}

%0 Journal Article
%T Examining the influence of the loading path on the cracking characteristics of a pre-fractured rock specimen with discrete element method simulation
%A Kang DUAN
%A Ri-hua JIANG
%A Xue-jian LI
%A Lu-chao WANG
%A Ze-ying YANG
%J Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE A
%V 24
%N 4
%P 332-349
%@ 1673-565X
%D 2023
%I Zhejiang University Press & Springer
%DOI 10.1631/jzus.A2200235

TY - JOUR
T1 - Examining the influence of the loading path on the cracking characteristics of a pre-fractured rock specimen with discrete element method simulation
A1 - Kang DUAN
A1 - Ri-hua JIANG
A1 - Xue-jian LI
A1 - Lu-chao WANG
A1 - Ze-ying YANG
J0 - Journal of Zhejiang University Science A
VL - 24
IS - 4
SP - 332
EP - 349
%@ 1673-565X
Y1 - 2023
PB - Zhejiang University Press & Springer
ER -
DOI - 10.1631/jzus.A2200235


Abstract: 
Damage in a rock mass is heavily dependent on the existence and growth of joints, which are also influenced by the complex stress states induced by human activities (e.g., tunneling and excavation). A proper representation of the loading path is essential for understanding the mechanical behaviors of rock masses. Based on the discrete element method (DEM), the influence of the loading path on the cracking process of a rock specimen containing an open flaw is examined. The effectiveness of the model is confirmed by comparing the simulation results under a uniaxial compression test to existing research findings, where wing crack initiates first and secondary cracks contribute to the failure of the specimen. Simulation results confirm that the cracking process is dependent upon both the confining pressure and the loading path. Under the axial loading test, a higher confining pressure suppresses the development of tensile wing cracks and forces the formation of secondary cracks in the form of shear bands perpendicular to the flaw. Increase of confining pressure also decreases the influence of the loading path on the cracking process. Reduction of confining pressure during an unloading test amplifies the concentration of tensile stress and ultimately promotes the appearance of a tensile splitting fracture at meso-scale. Confining pressure at the failure stage is well predicted by the Hoek-Brown failure criterion under quasi-static conditions.

离散元法模拟研究加载路径对预制裂缝岩石试样裂纹扩展特性的影响

作者:段抗,姜日华,李雪剑,王路超,杨则英
机构:山东大学,土建与水利学院,中国济南,250061
目的:结构面是岩体的重要组成部分,其对岩体工程结构的变形和失稳有着重要的影响。本文旨在探究加载路径和围压对预制裂缝试样裂纹扩展和强度的影响,揭示不同加载路径下含预制裂缝岩石试样的微观破坏机理。
创新点:1.设计可以模拟各种工程场景(如隧道、边坡开挖)下应力状态变化的加载路径,包括轴向加载试验、围压卸载试验和围压卸载伴随的轴向加载试验;2.研究试样裂纹扩展路径及其与加载路径和围压的关系;3.通过对局部应力集中和裂纹类型的分析,探讨影响断裂过程的微观机制。
方法:1.基于试验数据,开展离散元模拟参数校准,实现对岩石试样宏观力学参数的再现(表3和图4);2.基于校准获得微观参数,并开展三种加载路径下预制裂缝岩石试样数值模拟试验,获得加载路径与围压对试样裂纹扩展的影响(图5~12);3.通过分析试样加载过程的应力分布以及微裂纹类型的占比,获得预制裂缝试样裂纹扩展的微观机理(图13~16)。
结论:1.预制裂缝岩石试样加载过程中,裂纹扩展路径与轨迹受围压与加载路径的共同作用,围压的增大降低了加载路径对裂纹扩展的影响。2.加载过程中,不同类型裂纹的产生主要与不同局部应力的集中有关;在轴向加载条件下,会出现剪切应力的局部集中,抑制了张拉裂纹沿主应力方向扩展,但也会促进垂直于预制裂缝方向的剪切带的产生;卸围压的加载条件下会出现张拉应力的局部应力集中,进而促进细观张拉裂纹的产生。3.准静态条件下,预制裂缝岩石试样的失效阶段可以通过Hoek-Brown准则进行预测。

关键词:裂纹扩展;加载路径;裂隙岩体;离散元方法;局部应力集中

Darkslateblue:Affiliate; Royal Blue:Author; Turquoise:Article

Reference

[1]Al-BusaidiA, HazzardJF, YoungRP, 2005. Distinct element modeling of hydraulically fractured Lac du Bonnet granite. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 110(B6):B06302.

[2]BartonN, QuadrosE, 2015. Anisotropy is everywhere, to see, to measure, and to model. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 48(4):1323-1339.

[3]BobetA, 2000. The initiation of secondary cracks in compression. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 66(2):187-219.

[4]BobetA, EinsteinHH, 1998. Fracture coalescence in rock-type materials under uniaxial and biaxial compression. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 35(7):863-888.

[5]BraceWF, 1960. An extension of the Griffith theory of fracture to rocks. Journal of Geophysical Research, 65(10):3477-3480.

[6]BraceWF, BombolakisEG, 1963. A note on brittle crack growth in compression. Journal of Geophysical Research, 68(12):3709-3713.

[7]CaiM, KaiserPK, 2005. Assessment of excavation damaged zone using a micromechanics model. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 20(4):301-310.

[8]CundallPA, 2001. A discontinuous future for numerical modelling in geomechanics? Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Geotechnical Engineering, 149(1):41-47.

[9]DuanK, KwokCY, 2016. Evolution of stress-induced borehole breakout in inherently anisotropic rock: insights from discrete element modeling. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 121(4):2361-2381.

[10]DuanK, KwokCY, ThamLG, 2015. Micromechanical analysis of the failure process of brittle rock. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 39(6):618-634.

[11]DuanK, KwokCY, MaX, 2017. DEM simulations of sandstone under true triaxial compressive tests. Acta Geotechnica, 12(3):495-510.

[12]DuanK, JiYL, WuW, et al., 2019a. Unloading-induced failure of brittle rock and implications for excavation-induced strain burst. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 84:495-506.

[13]DuanK, JiYL, XuNW, et al., 2019b. Excavation-induced fault instability: possible causes and implications for seismicity. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 92:103041.

[14]DuriezJ, ScholtèsL, DonzéFV, 2016. Micromechanics of wing crack propagation for different flaw properties. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 153:378-398.

[15]GriffithAA, 1921. VI. The phenomena of rupture and flow in solids. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 221(582-593):163-198.

[16]HeMC, MiaoJL, FengJL, 2010. Rock burst process of limestone and its acoustic emission characteristics under true-triaxial unloading conditions. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 47(2):286-298.

[17]HoekE, BrownET, 1980. Underground Excavations in Rock. Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, London, UK.

[18]HoekE, BrownET, 1997. Practical estimates of rock mass strength. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 34(8):1165-1186.

[19]HuangCC, YangWD, DuanK, et al., 2019. Mechanical behaviors of the brittle rock-like specimens with multi-non-persistent joints under uniaxial compression. Construction and Building Materials, 220:426-443.

[20]Itasca, 2008. PFC2D: Particle Flow Code in 2 Dimensions. Version 4.0, User’s Manual. Itasca Consulting Group, Inc., Minneapolis, USA.

[21]JiangRH, DuanK, ZhangQY, 2022. Effect of heterogeneity in micro-structure and micro-strength on the discrepancies between direct and indirect tensile tests on brittle rock. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 55(2):981-1000.

[22]KwokCY, DuanK, PierceM, 2020. Modeling hydraulic fracturing in jointed shale formation with the use of fully coupled discrete element method. Acta Geotechnica, 15(1):245-264.

[23]LajtaiEZ, 1974. Brittle fracture in compression. International Journal of Fracture, 10(4):525-536.

[24]LiXB, FengF, LiDY, et al., 2018. Failure characteristics of granite influenced by sample height-to-width ratios and intermediate principal stress under true-triaxial unloading conditions. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 51(5):1321-1345.

[25]LiYP, ChenLZ, WangYH, 2005. Experimental research on pre-cracked marble under compression. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 42(9-10):2505-2516.

[26]MalmgrenL, SaiangD, TöyräJ, et al., 2007. The excavation disturbed zone (EDZ) at Kiirunavaara mine, Sweden—by seismic measurements. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 61(1):1-15.

[27]MartinCD, 1997. Seventeenth Canadian geotechnical colloquium: the effect of cohesion loss and stress path on brittle rock strength. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 34(5):698-725.

[28]MartinCD, ChandlerNA, 1994. The progressive fracture of Lac du Bonnet granite. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 31(6):643-659.

[29]Mas IvarsD, PotyondyDO, PierceM, et al., 2008. The smooth-joint contact model. The 8th World Congress on Computational Mechanics and 5th European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering.

[30]ParkCH, BobetA, 2009. Crack coalescence in specimens with open and closed flaws: a comparison. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 46(5):819-829.

[31]PotyondyDO, 2012. A flat-jointed bonded-particle material for hard rock. The 46th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium, article ARMA-2012-501.

[32]PotyondyDO, CundallPA, 2004. A bonded-particle model for rock. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 41(8):1329-1364.

[33]TangCA, KouSQ, 1998. Crack propagation and coalescence in brittle materials under compression. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 61(3-4):311-324.

[34]TapponnierP, BraceWF, 1976. Development of stress-induced microcracks in Westerly granite. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 13(4):103-112.

[35]WangYC, MoraP, 2008. Modeling wing crack extension: implications for the ingredients of discrete element model. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 165(3):609-620.

[36]WangYT, ZhouXP, ShouYD, 2017. The modeling of crack propagation and coalescence in rocks under uniaxial compression using the novel conjugated bond-based peridynamics. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 128-129:614-643.

[37]WongLNY, EinsteinHH, 2009. Systematic evaluation of cracking behavior in specimens containing single flaws under uniaxial compression. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 46(2):239-249.

[38]YangSQ, JingHW, 2011. Strength failure and crack coalescence behavior of brittle sandstone samples containing a single fissure under uniaxial compression. International Journal of Fracture, 168(2):227-250.

[39]YangSQ, HuangYH, JingHW, et al., 2014. Discrete element modeling on fracture coalescence behavior of red sandstone containing two unparallel fissures under uniaxial compression. Engineering Geology, 178:28-48.

[40]YangSQ, TianWL, HuangYH, et al., 2016. An experimental and numerical study on cracking behavior of brittle sandstone containing two non-coplanar fissures under uniaxial compression. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 49(4):1497-1515.

[41]ZhangJZ, ZhouXP, ZhuJY, et al., 2018. Quasi-static fracturing in double-flawed specimens under uniaxial loading: the role of strain rate. International Journal of Fracture, 211(1-2):75-102.

[42]ZhangQY, DuanK, JiaoYY, et al., 2017. Physical model test and numerical simulation for the stability analysis of deep gas storage cavern group located in bedded rock salt formation. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 94:43-54.

[43]ZhangQY, ZhangY, DuanK, et al., 2019. Large-scale geo-mechanical model tests for the stability assessment of deep underground complex under true-triaxial stress. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 83:577-591.

[44]ZhangXP, WongLNY, 2013. Loading rate effects on cracking behavior of flaw-contained specimens under uniaxial compression. International Journal of Fracture, 180(1):93-110.

Open peer comments: Debate/Discuss/Question/Opinion

<1>

Please provide your name, email address and a comment





Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
Tel: +86-571-87952783; E-mail: cjzhang@zju.edu.cn
Copyright © 2000 - 2024 Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE