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Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B

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Sensors for the mTORC1 pathway regulated by amino acids


Author(s):  Xiu-Zhi Li, Xiang-Hua Yan

Affiliation(s):  State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; more

Corresponding email(s):  xhyan@mail.hzau.edu.cn

Key Words:  Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1); Amino acid; Sensor; Lysosome; Rag GTPases


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Xiu-Zhi Li, Xiang-Hua Yan. Sensors for the mTORC1 pathway regulated by amino acids[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B,in press.Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering,in press.https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1900181

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doi="https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1900181"
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%A Xiu-Zhi Li
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%J Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B
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doi="https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1900181"

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A1 - Xiu-Zhi Li
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Abstract: 
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) controls cell growth and metabolism in response to various environmental inputs, especially amino acids. In fact, the activity of mTORC1 is highly sensitive to changes in amino acid levels. Over past decades, a variety of proteins have been identified as participating in the mTORC1 pathway regulated by amino acids. Classically, the Rag guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases), which reside on the lysosome, transmit amino acid availability to the mTORC1 pathway and recruit mTORC1 to the lysosome upon amino acid sufficiency. Recently, several sensors of leucine, arginine, and S-adenosylmethionine for the amino acid-stimulated mTORC1 pathway have been coming to light. Characterization of these sensors is requisite for understanding how cells adjust amino acid sensing pathways to their different needs. In this review, we summarize recent advances in amino acid sensing mechanisms that regulate mTORC1 activity and highlight these identified sensors that accurately transmit specific amino acid signals to the mTORC1 pathway.

参与受氨基酸调控的哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物1信号通路的感受体的研究进展

概要:哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物1(mTORC1)能够感受一系列细胞内外的环境因素(如氨基酸),从而控制细胞生长和代谢.在过去的几十年里,众多蛋白被发现能够参与受氨基酸调控的mTORC1信号通路中.Rag GTPases能够将氨基酸的信号传递给mTORC1并招募mTORC1到溶酶体表面.近年来,参与mTORC1信号通路的蛋氨酸代谢物、亮氨酸以及精氨酸的感受体逐渐被发现.感受体的鉴定有助于理解细胞是如何通过调整内部氨基酸感应通路来满足自身需求.本文综述了氨基酸调控mTORC1信号通路的分子机制,并探讨了感受体如何将特定氨基酸信号精确传递给mTORC1信号通路.

关键词组:哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物1(mTORC1);氨基酸;感受体;溶酶体;Rag GTPases

Darkslateblue:Affiliate; Royal Blue:Author; Turquoise:Article

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