CLC number:
On-line Access: 2022-10-12
Received: 2022-04-30
Revision Accepted: 2022-08-10
Crosschecked: 2022-10-13
Cited: 0
Clicked: 1019
Citations: Bibtex RefMan EndNote GB/T7714
Tianning GU, Meng ZHU, He HUANG, Yongxian HU. Relapse after CAR-T cell therapy in B-cell malignancies: challenges and future approaches[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B,in press.Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering,in press.https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2200256 @article{title="Relapse after CAR-T cell therapy in B-cell malignancies: challenges and future approaches", %0 Journal Article TY - JOUR
B细胞恶性肿瘤经CAR-T细胞治疗后复发:挑战与未来1浙江大学医学院附属第一医院骨髓移植中心,中国杭州市,310003 2浙江大学医学中心良渚实验室,中国杭州市,311121 3浙江大学血液学研究所,中国杭州市,310058 4干细胞与细胞免疫治疗浙江省工程研究中心,中国杭州市,310058 概要:嵌合抗原受体T(CAR-T)细胞疗法作为一种新型的细胞免疫疗法,极大地改变了癌症治疗的格局,尤其是在血液系统恶性肿瘤中。然而,CAR-T细胞治疗后复发仍然是影响其广泛应用于临床的主要障碍之一。肿瘤细胞内在特性和较强的适应能力,是复发的一个重要原因。由于特殊CAR结构的存在,CAR-T细胞具有的独特生物学功能同样影响治疗效果。此外,肿瘤微环境中错综复杂的相互作用深刻影响CAR-T细胞功能及临床预后。因此,本综述基于最新发现,从肿瘤细胞、CAR-T细胞和肿瘤微环境角度,关注B细胞恶性肿瘤经CAR-T细胞治疗后复发,讨论未来相应的基础和临床策略,以提供全面的认识,有助于提高研究和临床应用。 关键词组: Darkslateblue:Affiliate; Royal Blue:Author; Turquoise:Article
Reference[1]AdachiK, KanoY, NagaiT, et al., 2018. IL-7 and CCL19 expression in CAR-T cells improves immune cell infiltration and CAR-T cell survival in the tumor. Nat Biotechnol, 36(4):346-351. [2]AjinaA, MaherJ, 2018. Strategies to address chimeric antigen receptor tonic signaling. Mol Cancer Ther, 17(9):1795-1815. [3]AlabanzaL, PeguesM, GeldresC, et al., 2017. Function of novel anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptors with human variable regions is affected by hinge and transmembrane domains. Mol Ther, 25(11):2452-2465. [4]Ancos-PintadoR, Bragado-GarcíaI, MoralesML, et al., 2022. High-throughput CRISPR screening in hematological neoplasms. Cancers (Basel), 14(15):3612. [5]ArtyomovMN, van den BosscheJ, 2020. Immunometabolism in the single-cell era. Cell Metab, 32(5):710-725. [6]AsnaniM, HayerKE, NaqviAS, et al., 2020. Retention of CD19 intron 2 contributes to CART-19 resistance in leukemias with subclonal frameshift mutations in CD19. Leukemia, 34(4):1202-1207. [7]BaiZL, WoodhouseS, ZhaoZR, et al., 2022. Single-cell antigen-specific landscape of CAR T infusion product identifies determinants of CD19-positive relapse in patients with ALL. Sci Adv, 8(23):eabj2820. [8]BairdJH, FrankMJ, CraigJ, et al., 2021. CD22-directed CAR T-cell therapy induces complete remissions in CD19-directed CAR-refractory large B-cell lymphoma. Blood, 137(17):2321-2325. [9]BaoC, GaoQL, LiLL, et al., 2021. The application of nanobody in CAR-T therapy. Biomolecules, 11(2):238. [10]BiondiM, CerinaB, TomasoniC, et al., 2021. Combining the expression of CD33.CAR and CXCR4 to increase CAR-CIK cell homing to bone marrow niche and leukemic stem cell eradication in acute myeloid leukemia. Blood, 138(S1):2791-2791. [11]BoulchM, CazauxM, Loe-MieY, et al., 2021. A cross-talk between CAR T cell subsets and the tumor microenvironment is essential for sustained cytotoxic activity. Sci Immunol, 6(57):eabd4344. [12]CalderonH, MamonkinM, GuedanS, 2020. Analysis of CAR-mediated tonic signaling. In: Swiech K, Malmegrim KCR, Picanço-Castro V (Eds.), Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells. Springer, New York, p.223-236. [13]CancillaD, RettigMP, DipersioJF, 2020. Targeting CXCR4 in AML and ALL. Front Oncol, 10:1672. [14]CaoY, XiaoY, WangN, et al., 2021. CD19/CD22 chimeric antigen receptor T cell cocktail therapy following autologous transplantation in patients with relapsed/refractory aggressive B cell lymphomas. Transplant Cell Ther, 27(11):910.e1-910.e11. [15]CappellKM, SherryRM, YangJC, et al., 2020. Long-term follow-up of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. J Clin Oncol, 38(32):3805-3815. [16]ChenC, LiuJM, LuoYP, 2020. MicroRNAs in tumor immunity: functional regulation in tumor-associated macrophages. J Zhejiang Univ-Sci B (Biomed & Biotechnol), 21(1):12-28. [17]ChenGM, ChenCY, DasRK, et al., 2021. Integrative bulk and single-cell profiling of premanufacture T-cell populations reveals factors mediating long-term persistence of CAR T-cell therapy. Cancer Discov, 11(9):2186-2199. [18]ChenJ, López-MoyadoIF, SeoH, et al., 2019. NR4A transcription factors limit CAR T cell function in solid tumours. Nature, 567(7749):530-534. [19]ChenPH, LipschitzM, WeiratherJL, et al., 2020. Activation of CAR and non-CAR T cells within the tumor microenvironment following CAR T cell therapy. JCI Insight, 5(12):e134612 [20]ChenYH, SunC, LandoniE, et al., 2019. Eradication of neuroblastoma by T cells redirected with an optimized GD2-specific chimeric antigen receptor and interleukin-15. Clin Cancer Res, 25(9):2915-2924. [21]ChongEA, MelenhorstJJ, LaceySF, et al., 2017. PD-1 blockade modulates chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells: refueling the CAR. Blood, 129(8):1039-1041. [22]ColmoneA, AmorimM, PontierAL, et al., 2008. Leukemic cells create bone marrow niches that disrupt the behavior of normal hematopoietic progenitor cells. Science, 322(5909):1861-1865. [23]DaiHR, WuZQ, JiaHJ, et al., 2020. Bispecific CAR-T cells targeting both CD19 and CD22 for therapy of adults with relapsed or refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Hematol Oncol, 13:30. [24]DavenportAJ, CrossRS, WatsonKA, et al., 2018. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells form nonclassical and potent immune synapses driving rapid cytotoxicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 115(9):E2068-E2076. [25]da ViàMC, DietrichO, TrugerM, et al., 2021. Homozygous BCMA gene deletion in response to anti-BCMA CAR T cells in a patient with multiple myeloma. Nat Med, 27(4):616-619. [26]DengQ, HanGC, Puebla-OsorioN, et al., 2020. Characteristics of anti-CD19 CAR T cell infusion products associated with efficacy and toxicity in patients with large B cell lymphomas. Nat Med, 26(12):1878-1887. [27]EnbladG, KarlssonH, GammelgårdG, et al., 2018. A phase I/IIa trial using CD19-targeted third-generation CAR T cells for lymphoma and leukemia. Clin Cancer Res, 24(24):6185-6194. [28]EvansAG, RothbergPG, BurackWR, et al., 2015. Evolution to plasmablastic lymphoma evades CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T cells. Br J Haematol, 171(2):205-209. [29]FanTWM, BanduraLL, HigashiRM, et al., 2005. Metabolomics-edited transcriptomics analysis of Se anticancer action in human lung cancer cells. Metabolomics, 1(4):325-339. [30]FanTWM, LaneAN, HigashiRM, 2016. Stable isotope resolved metabolomics studies in ex vivo tissue slices. Bio Protoc, 6(3):e1730. [31]FischerJ, ParetC, el MalkiK, et al., 2017. CD19 isoforms enabling resistance to CART-19 immunotherapy are ex [32]pressed in B-ALL patients at initial diagnosis. J Immunother, 40(5):187-195. [33]FraiettaJA, LaceySF, OrlandoEJ, et al., 2018a. Determinants of response and resistance to CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Nat Med, 24(5):563-571. [34]FraiettaJA, NoblesCL, SammonsMA, et al., 2018b. Disruption of TET2 promotes the therapeutic efficacy of CD19-targeted T cells. Nature, 558(7709):307-312. [35]FrankMJ, HossainNM, BukhariA, et al., 2021. Monitoring of circulating tumor DNA improves early relapse detection after axicabtagene ciloleucel infusion in large B-cell lymphoma: results of a prospective multi-institutional trial. J Clin Oncol, 39(27):3034-3043. [36]FryTJ, ShahNN, OrentasRJ, et al., 2018. CD22-targeted CAR T cells induce remission in B-ALL that is naive or resistant to CD19-targeted CAR immunotherapy. Nat Med, 24(1):20-28. [37]FultangL, BoothS, YogevO, et al., 2020. Metabolic engin [38]eering against the arginine microenvironment enhances CAR-T cell proliferation and therapeutic activity. Blood, 136(10):1155-1160. [39]GardnerR, WuD, CherianS, et al., 2016. Acquisition of a CD19-negative myeloid phenotype allows immune escape of MLL-rearranged B-ALL from CD19 CAR-T-cell therapy. Blood, 127(20):2406-2410. [40]GaudichonJ, JakobczykH, DebaizeL, et al., 2019. Mechanisms of extramedullary relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: reconciling biological concepts and clinical issues. Blood Rev, 36:40-56. [41]GennertDG, LynnRC, GranjaJM, et al., 2021. Dynamic chroma [42]tin regulatory landscape of human CAR T cell exhaustion. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 118(30):e2104758118. [43]GhoneimHE, FanYP, MoustakiA, et al., 2017. De novo epigenetic programs inhibit PD-1 blockade-mediated T cell rejuvenation. Cell, 170(1):142-157.e19. [44]GruppSA, KalosM, BarrettD, et al., 2013. Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells for acute lymphoid leukemia. N Engl J Med, 368(16):1509-1518. [45]GuedanS, PoseyAD, ShawC, et al., 2018. Enhancing CAR T cell persistence through ICOS and 4-1BB costimulation. JCI Insight, 3(1):e96976. [46]GuerrouahenBS, SidahmedH, al SulaitiA, et al., 2019. Enhancing mesenchymal stromal cell immunomodulation for treating conditions influenced by the immune system. Stem Cells Int, 2019:7219297. [47]HamiehM, DobrinA, CabrioluA, et al., 2019. CAR T cell trogocytosis and cooperative killing regulate tumour antigen escape. Nature, 568(7750):112-116. [48]HanahanD, 2022. Hallmarks of cancer: new dimensions. Cancer Discov, 12(1):31-46. [49]HarrisDT, HagerMV, SmithSN, et al., 2018. Comparison of T cell activities mediated by human TCRs and CARs that use the same recognition domains. J Immunol, 200(3):1088-1100. [50]HongMH, ClubbJD, ChenYY, 2020. Engineering CAR-T cells for next-generation cancer therapy. Cancer Cell, 38(4):473-488. [51]HuTY, MurdaughR, NakadaD, 2017. Transcriptional and microenvironmental regulation of lineage ambiguity in leukemia. Front Oncol, 7:268. [52]HuWH, ZiZG, JinYL, et al., 2019. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated PD-1 disruption enhances human mesothelin-targeted CAR T cell effector functions. Cancer Immunol Immunother, 68(3):365-377. [53]HuY, ZhouY, ZhangM, et al., 2021. CRISPR/Cas9-engineered universal CD19/CD22 dual-targeted CAR-T cell therapy for relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Clin Cancer Res, 27(10):2764-2772. [54]HuangH, WuHW, HuYX, 2020. Current advances in chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma. J Zhejiang Univ-Sci B (Biomed & Biotechnol), 21(1):29-41. [55]HudecekM, SommermeyerD, KosasihPL, et al., 2015. The nonsignaling extracellular spacer domain of chimeric antigen receptors is decisive for in vivo antitumor activity. Cancer Immunol Res, 3(2):125-135. [56]JacobsonC, LockeFL, GhobadiA, et al., 2021. Long-term (≥4 year and ≥5 year) overall survival (OS) by 12- and 24-month event-free survival (EFS): an updated analysis of ZUMA-1, the pivotal study of axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) in patients (pts) with refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). Blood, 138(S1):1764-1764. [57]JacobyE, NguyenSM, FountaineTJ, et al., 2016. CD19 CAR immune pressure induces B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia lineage switch exposing inherent leukaemic plasticity. Nat Commun, 7:12320. [58]JainMD, ZhaoH, WangXF, et al., 2021. Tumor interferon signaling and suppressive myeloid cells are associated with CAR T-cell failure in large B-cell lymphoma. Blood, 137(19):2621-2633. [59]JingXM, YangFM, ShaoCC, et al., 2019. Role of hypoxia in cancer therapy by regulating the tumor microenvironment. Mol Cancer, 18:157. [60]JohnS, PulsipherMA, MoskopA, et al., 2021. Real-world outcomes for pediatric and young adult patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treated with tisagenlecleucel: update from the center for international blood and marrow transplant research (CIBMTR) registry. Blood, 138(S1):428. [61]KadomotoS, IzumiK, MizokamiA, 2021. Macrophage polarity and disease control. Int J Mol Sci, 23(1):144. [62]KailayangiriS, AltvaterB, WiebelM, et al., 2020. Overcoming heterogeneity of antigen expression for effective CAR T cell targeting of cancers. Cancers (Basel), 12(5):1075. [63]KhanO, GilesJR, McdonaldS, et al., 2019. TOX transcriptionally and epigenetically programs CD8+ T cell exhaustion. Nature, 571(7764):211-218. [64]KongWM, DimitriA, WangWL, et al., 2021. BET bromodomain protein inhibition reverses chimeric antigen receptor extinction and reinvigorates exhausted T cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Clin Invest, 131(16):e145459. [65]KumarV, PatelSM, TcyganovE, et al., 2016. The nature of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the tumor microenvironment. Trends Immunol, 37(3):208-220. [66]LangierS, SadeK, KivityS, 2010. Regulatory T cells: the suppressor arm of the immune system. Autoimmun Rev, 10(2):112-115. [67]LarsonRC, MausMV, 2021. Recent advances and discoveries in the mechanisms and functions of CAR T cells. Nat Rev Cancer, 21(3):145-161. [68]LiN, HuaJL, 2017. Interactions between mesenchymal stem cells and the immune system. Cell Mol Life Sci, 74(13):2345-2360. [69]LiS, SiriwonN, ZhangXY, et al., 2017. Enhanced cancer immunotherapy by chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells engineered to secrete checkpoint inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res, 23(22):6982-6992. [70]LiYR, YuYQ, KramerA, et al., 2022. An ex vivo 3D tumor microenvironment-mimicry culture to study TAM modulation of cancer immunotherapy. Cells, 11(9):1583. [71]LindoL, WilkinsonLH, HayKA, 2021. Befriending the hostile tumor microenvironment in CAR T-cell therapy. Front Immunol, 11:618387. [72]LongAH, HasoWM, ShernJF, et al., 2015. 4-1BB costimulation ameliorates T cell exhaustion induced by tonic signaling of chimeric antigen receptors. Nat Med, 21(6):581-590. [73]LynnRC, WeberEW, SotilloE, et al., 2019. c-Jun overexpression in CAR T cells induces exhaustion resistance. Nature, 576(7786):293-300. [74]MacianF, 2005. NFAT proteins: key regulators of T-cell development and function. Nat Rev Immunol, 5(6):472-484. [75]MajznerRG, MackallCL, 2018. Tumor antigen escape from CAR T-cell therapy. Cancer Discov, 8(10):1219-1226. [76]MausMV, HaasAR, BeattyGL, et al., 2013. T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors can cause anaphylaxis in humans. Cancer Immunol Res, 1(1):26-31. [77]McgranahanN, SwantonC, 2017. Clonal heterogeneity and tumor evolution: past, present, and the future. Cell, 168(4):613-628. [78]MelenhorstJJ, ChenGM, WangM, et al., 2022. Decade-long leukaemia remissions with persistence of CD4+ CAR T cells. Nature, 602(7897):503-509. [79]MiaoLL, ZhangZC, RenZJ, et al., 2021. Reactions related to CAR-T cell therapy. Front Immunol, 12:663201. [80]MuñozL, NomdedéuJF, LópezO, et al., 2001. Interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain (CD123) is widely expressed in hematologic malignancies. Haematologica, 86(12):1261-1269. [81]OrlandoEJ, HanX, TribouleyC, et al., 2018. Genetic mechanisms of target antigen loss in CAR19 therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nat Med, 24(10):1504-1506. [82]PaukenKE, SammonsMA, OdorizziPM, et al., 2016. Epigenetic stability of exhausted T cells limits durability of reinvigoration by PD-1 blockade. Science, 354(6316):1160-1165. [83]PeledA, KleinS, BeiderK, et al., 2018. Role of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies. Cytokine, 109:11-16. [84]PinhoS, FrenettePS, 2019. Haematopoietic stem cell activity and interactions with the niche. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 20(5):303-320. [85]PrasetyantiPR, MedemaJP, 2017. Intra-tumor heterogeneity from a cancer stem cell perspective. Mol Cancer, 16:41. [86]PrinzingB, ZebleyCC, PetersenCT, et al., 2021. Deleting DNMT3A in CAR T cells prevents exhaustion and enhances antitumor activity. Sci Transl Med, 13(620):eabh0272. [87]QiYK, ZhaoMF, HuYX, et al., 2022. Efficacy and safety of CD19-specific CAR T cell-based therapy in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients with CNSL. Blood, 139(23):3376-3386. [88]RafeiH, DaherM, RezvaniK, 2021. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) natural killer (NK)-cell therapy: leveraging the power of innate immunity. Br J Haematol, 193(2):216-230. [89]RafiqS, YekuOO, JacksonHJ, et al., 2018. Targeted delivery of a PD-1-blocking scFv by CAR-T cells enhances anti-tumor efficacy in vivo. Nat Biotechnol, 36(9):847-856. [90]RamakrishnaS, HighfillSL, WalshZ, et al., 2019. Modulation of target antigen density improves CAR T-cell functionality and persistence. Clin Cancer Res, 25(17):5329-5341. [91]RamosCA, GroverNS, BeavenAW, et al., 2020. Anti-CD30 CAR-T cell therapy in relapsed and refractory hodgkin lymphoma. J Clin Oncol, 38(32):3794-3804. [92]RegmiS, PathakS, KimJO, et al., 2019. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for the treatment of inflammatory diseases: challenges, opportunities, and future perspectives. Eur J Cell Biol, 98(5-8):151041. [93]RenXW, ZhangL, ZhangYY, et al., 2021. Insights gained from single-cell analysis of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Annu Rev Immunol, 39:583-609. [94]RoselliE, FaramandR, DavilaML, 2021. Insight into next-generation CAR therapeutics: designing CAR T cells to improve clinical outcomes. J Clin Invest, 131(2):e142030. [95]RuellaM, BarrettDM, KenderianSS, et al., 2016. Dual CD19 and CD123 targeting prevents antigen-loss relapses after CD19-directed immunotherapies. J Clin Invest, 126(10):3814-3826. [96]RuellaM, XuJ, BarrettDM, et al., 2018. Induction of resistance to chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy by transduction of a single leukemic B cell. Nat Med, 24(10):1499-1503. [97]Sadeqi NezhadM, Abdollahpour-AlitappehM, RezaeiB, et al., 2021. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a potentially unlimited T cell source for CAR-T cell development and off-the-shelf products. Pharm Res, 38(6):931-945. [98]SakaguchiS, OnoM, SetoguchiR, et al., 2006. Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ natural regulatory T cells in dominant self-tolerance and autoimmune disease. Immunol Rev, 212(1):8-27. [99]SalterAI, RajanA, KennedyJJ, et al., 2021. Comparative analysis of TCR and CAR signaling informs CAR designs with superior antigen sensitivity and in vivo function. Sci Signal, 14(697):eabe2606. [100]SavoldoB, RamosCA, LiuEL, et al., 2011. CD28 costimulation improves expansion and persistence of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells in lymphoma patients. J Clin Invest, 121(5):1822-1826. [101]ScarfòI, OrmhøjM, FrigaultMJ, et al., 2018. Anti-CD37 chimeric antigen receptor T cells are active against B- and T-cell lymphomas. Blood, 132(14):1495-1506. [102]SchererF, KurtzDM, NewmanAM, et al., 2016. Distinct biological subtypes and patterns of genome evolution in lymphoma revealed by circulating tumor DNA. Sci Transl Med, 8(364):364ra155. [103]SchneiderD, XiongY, WuDR, et al., 2017. A tandem CD19/CD20 CAR lentiviral vector drives on-target and off-target antigen modulation in leukemia cell lines. J Immunother Cancer, 5(1):42. [104]SenDR, KaminskiJ, BarnitzRA, et al., 2016. The epigenetic landscape of T cell exhaustion. Science, 354(6316):1165-1169. [105]SeoH, ChenJ, González-AvalosE, et al., 2019. TOX and TOX2 transcription factors cooperate with NR4A transcription factors to impose CD8+ T cell exhaustion. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 116(25):12410-12415. [106]ShafferDR, SavoldoB, YiZZ, et al., 2011. T cells redirected against CD70 for the immunotherapy of CD70-positive malignancies. Blood, 117(16):4304-4314. [107]ShahNN, QinHY, YatesB, et al., 2019. Clonal expansion of CAR T cells harboring lentivector integration in the CBL gene following anti-CD22 CAR T-cell therapy. Blood Adv, 3(15):2317-2322. [108]ShalabiH, KraftIL, WangHW, et al., 2018. Sequential loss of tumor surface antigens following chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Haematologica, 103(5):e215-e218. [109]ShaoM, TengXY, GuoX, et al., 2022. Inhibition of calcium signaling prevents exhaustion and enhances anti-leukemia efficacy of CAR-T cells via SOCE-calcineurin-NFAT and glycolysis pathways. Adv Sci (Weinh), 9(9):2103508. [110]SiXH, XiaoL, BrownCE, et al., 2022. Preclinical evaluation of CAR T cell function: in vitro and in vivo models. Int J Mol Sci, 23(6):3154. [111]SiddiqiT, WangXL, BlanchardMS, et al., 2021. CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy for treatment of primary CNS lymphoma. Blood Adv, 5(20):4059-4063. [112]SinghN, LeeYG, ShestovaO, et al., 2020. Impaired death receptor signaling in leukemia causes antigen-independent resistance by inducing CAR T-cell dysfunction. Cancer Discov, 10(4):552-567. [113]SotilloE, BarrettDM, BlackKL, et al., 2015. Convergence of acquired mutations and alternative splicing of CD19 enables resistance to CART-19 immunotherapy. Cancer Discov, 5(12):1282-1295. [114]StepanovAV, MarkovOV, ChernikovIV, et al., 2018. Autocrine-based selection of ligands for personalized CAR-T therapy of lymphoma. Sci Adv, 4(11):eaau4580. [115]SternerRC, SternerRM, 2021. CAR-T cell therapy: current limitations and potential strategies. Blood Cancer J, 11(4):69. [116]SunY, SuYF, WangYZ, et al., 2021. CD19 CAR-T cells with membrane-bound IL-15 for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia after failure of CD19 and CD22 CAR-T cells: case report. Front Immunol, 12:728962. [117]TallenG, RateiR, MannG, et al., 2010. Long-term outcome in children with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia after time-point and site-of-relapse stratification and intensified short-course multidrug chemotherapy: results of trial ALL-REZ BFM 90. J Clin Oncol, 28(14):2339-2347. [118]TanY, PanJ, DengBP, et al., 2021. Toxicity and effectiveness of CD19 CAR T therapy in children with high-burden central nervous system refractory B-ALL. Cancer Immunol Immunother, 70(7):1979-1993. [119]ThankamonyAP, SubbalakshmiAR, JollyMK, et al., 2021. Lineage plasticity in cancer: the tale of a skin-walker. Cancers (Basel), 13(14):3602. [120]ThomsJAI, PimandaJE, HeidenreichO, 2021. To switch or not to switch: PU.1 expression is the question. Blood, 138(15):1289-1291. [121]TongC, ZhangY, LiuY, et al., 2020. Optimized tandem CD19/CD20 CAR-engineered T cells in refractory/relapsed B-cell lymphoma. Blood, 136(14):1632-1644. [122]TuSF, ZhouX, GuoZL, et al., 2019. CD19 and CD70 dual-target chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for the treatment of relapsed and refractory primary central nervous system diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Front Oncol, 9:1350. [123]van BruggenJAC, MartensAWJ, FraiettaJA, et al., 2019. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells impair mitochondrial fitness in CD8+ T cells and impede CAR T-cell efficacy. Blood, 134(1):44-58. [124]WalkerAJ, MajznerRG, ZhangL, et al., 2017. Tumor antigen and receptor densities regulate efficacy of a chimeric antigen receptor targeting anaplastic lymphoma kinase. Mol Ther, 25(9):2189-2201. [125]WangDR, PragerBC, GimpleRC, et al., 2021. CRISPR screening of CAR T cells and cancer stem cells reveals critical dependencies for cell-based therapies. Cancer Discov, 11(5):1192-1211. [126]WangH, KaurG, SankinAI, et al., 2019. Immune checkpoint blockade and CAR-T cell therapy in hematologic malignancies. J Hematol Oncol, 12:59. [127]WangJS, HuYX, HuangH, 2017. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia relapse after CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy. J Leukoc Biol, 102(6):1347-1356. [128]WangWL, FasolinoM, CattauB, et al., 2020. Joint profiling of chromatin accessibility and CAR-T integration site analysis at population and single-cell levels. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 117(10):5442-5452. [129]WangY, TongC, DaiHR, et al., 2021. Low-dose decitabine priming endows CAR T cells with enhanced and persistent antitumour potential via epigenetic reprogramming. Nat Commun, 12:409. [130]WeberEW, ParkerKR, SotilloE, et al., 2021. Transient rest restores functionality in exhausted CAR-T cells through epigenetic remodeling. Science, 372(6537):eaba1786. [131]WebsterB, XiongY, HuPR, et al., 2021. Self-driving armored CAR-T cells overcome a suppressive milieu and eradicate CD19+ Raji lymphoma in preclinical models. Mol Ther, 29(9):2691-2706. [132]WilliamsMTS, YousafzaiYM, ElderA, et al., 2016. The ability to cross the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier is a generic property of acute lymphoblastic leukemia blasts. Blood, 127(16):1998-2006. [133]WilsonWR, HayMP, 2011. Targeting hypoxia in cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer, 11(6):393-410. [134]XiaLZ, OyangL, LinJG, et al., 2021. The cancer metabolic reprogramming and immune response. Mol Cancer, 20:28. [135]XuXQ, GnanaprakasamJNR, ShermanJ, et al., 2019. A metabolism toolbox for CAR T therapy. Front Oncol, 9:322. [136]YanLE, ZhangHY, WadaM, et al., 2020. Targeting two antigens associated with B-ALL with CD19-CD123 compound CAR T cell therapy. Stem Cell Rev Rep, 16(2):385-396. [137]YanN, WangN, WangGX, et al., 2022. CAR19/22 T cell cocktail therapy for B-ALL relapsed after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cytotherapy, 24(8):841-849. [138]YanX, ChenDY, WangY, et al., 2022. Identification of NOXA as a pivotal regulator of resistance to CAR T-cell therapy in B-cell malignancies. Signal Transduct Target Ther, 7:98. [139]YanZX, LiL, WangW, et al., 2019. Clinical efficacy and tumor microenvironment influence in a dose-escalation study of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells in refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res, 25(23):6995-7003. [140]YangX, YuQX, XuH, et al., 2021. Upregulation of CD22 by chidamide promotes CAR T cells functionality. Sci Rep, 11(1):20637. [141]YangXO, NurievaR, MartinezGJ, et al., 2008. Molecular antagonism and plasticity of regulatory and inflammatory T cell programs. Immunity, 29:44-56. [142]YingZT, HeT, WangXP, et al., 2019. Parallel comparison of 4-1BB or CD28 co-stimulated CD19-targeted CAR-T cells for B cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Mol Ther Oncolytics, 15:60-68. [143]YouLS, HanQM, ZhuL, et al., 2020. Decitabine-mediated epigenetic reprograming enhances anti-leukemia efficacy of CD123-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cells. Front Immunol, 11:1787. [144]YuH, SotilloE, HarringtonC, et al., 2017. Repeated loss of target surface antigen after immunotherapy in primary mediastinal large B cell lymphoma. Am J Hematol, 92(1):E11-E13. [145]ZahE, LinMY, Silva-BenedictA, et al., 2016. T cells expressing CD19/CD20 bispecific chimeric antigen receptors prevent antigen escape by malignant B cells. Cancer Immunol Res, 4(6):498-508. [146]ZanettiSR, RomecinPA, VinyolesM, et al., 2020. Bone marrow MSC from pediatric patients with B-ALL highly immunosuppress T-cell responses but do not compromise CD19-CAR T-cell activity. J Immunother Cancer, 8(2):e001419. [147]ZebleyCC, BrownC, MiT, et al., 2021. CD19-CAR T cells undergo exhaustion DNA methylation programming in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cell Rep, 37(9):110079. [148]ZhangL, TianL, DaiXY, et al., 2020. Pluripotent stem cell-derived CAR-macrophage cells with antigen-dependent anti-cancer cell functions. J Hematol Oncol, 13:153. [149]ZhangZ, ChenXF, TianYG, et al., 2020. Point mutation in CD19 facilitates immune escape of B cell lymphoma from CAR-T cell therapy. J Immunother Cancer, 8(2):e001150. [150]ZhengWC, XueQF, ShaXP, et al., 2021. Successful PD-1 inhibitor treatment in a patient with refractory transformed follicular lymphoma who failed to respond to CAR-T cell therapy: a case report and literature review. Cancer Biol Ther, 22(10-12):537-543. [151]ZhouZ, HanY, PanHB, et al., 2021. Tri-specific CD19×CD20×CD22 VHH CAR-T cells (LCAR-AIO) eradicate antigen-heterogeneous B cell tumors, enhance expansion, and prolong persistence in preclinical in vivo models. Blood, 138(S1):1700. [152]ZhouZL, van der JeughtK, FangYZ, et al., 2021. An organoid-based screen for epigenetic inhibitors that stimulate antigen presentation and potentiate T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Nat Biomed Eng, 5(11):1320-1335. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou
310027, China
Tel: +86-571-87952783; E-mail: cjzhang@zju.edu.cn Copyright © 2000 - 2024 Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE |
Open peer comments: Debate/Discuss/Question/Opinion
<1>