Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE A 1998 Vol.-1 No.-1 P.

http://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A2600046


Unsteady aerodynamic effects and underbody flow characteristics of high-speed trains at 400 km/h with bogie covering structures using an improved delayed detached-eddy simulation method


Author(s):  Hongkang LIU1,2,3, Jinning GONG2,3, Yatian ZHAO1,2,3, Zhenyu ZHANG6, Kehui PENG2,3, Wenyue WANG2,3, Tiantian WANG2,4,5

Affiliation(s):  1. 1Extreme Flow Energy Frontier Science Centre, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China 2Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China 3National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China 4College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China 5College of Future Technology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China 6CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266111, China

Corresponding email(s):   Tiantian WANG, wangtiantian@csu.edu.cn

Key Words:  High-speed train, Bogie covers, Aerodynamic drag, Lift fluctuations, Pressure fluctuations, Underbody flow fields


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Hongkang LIU1,2,3, Jinning GONG2,3, Yatian ZHAO1,2,3, Zhenyu ZHANG6, Kehui PENG2,3, Wenyue WANG2,3, Tiantian WANG2,4,5. Unsteady aerodynamic effects and underbody flow characteristics of high-speed trains at 400 km/h with bogie covering structures using an improved delayed detached-eddy simulation method[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science A, 1998, -1(-1): .

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Abstract: Although high-speed train (HST) bogie covers effectively reduce aerodynamic drag, they raise safety concerns due to lift-induced oscillations caused by unsteady underbody flow. This study investigates the effects of various bogie covering structures on aerodynamic load pulsations, pressure fluctuations, and underlying flow mechanisms in HSTs using an improved delayed detached-eddy simulation (IDDES) at 400 km/h. Three covering configurations are considered: fully enclosed covers (FECs), separated-type covers (STCs), and skirts-only. The numerical results show that all covering configurations significantly reduce the total aerodynamic drag. Specifically, FECs achieve the largest reduction at 19.81%, while STC and the skirt-only configurations achieve reductions of 16.24% and 14.45%, respectively. STCs perform better than FECs in suppressing lift fluctuations of car bodies, effectively reducing the root-mean-square (RMS) lift coefficient by up to 44%. While both STCs and FECs significantly attenuate pressure fluctuations by up to 98% in the head bogie cabins and 83% in the tail cabins, they intensify fluctuations in the middle cabins by 43% for STCs and 162% for FECs. Spectral analysis reveals that the dominant lift fluctuation frequencies for STCs and FECs primarily fall within 7-14 Hz, with a secondary range of 63-72 Hz. These fluctuations are attributed to cavity flow-induced resonance within the bogie cabin, which couples the internal and external airflows via the wheel gaps. Additionally, FECs exhibit higher fluctuation amplitudes than STCs. Furthermore, boundary layer instability on the lower surface of the head cover induces periodic high-frequency flow field fluctuations with a dominant frequency exceeding 115 Hz.

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On-line Access: 2026-06-22

Received: 2026-01-22

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