Abstract: The wheel‍–‍rail dynamic load (WRL) and its vibration energy transfer (VET) are foundational for studying ballastless track dynamics in high-speed railways. In this study, the higher-order modal parameters of track beds with different isolating layers were identified experimentally and a vehicle‍–track coupled dynamic model considering track bed broadband vibrations (TBBVs) was established. The WRL and its VET were investigated, and the contribution law as well as the influence mechanism of TBBVs on them was determined. The results showed the WRL and track bed vibration energy exhibited significant resonances, with more prominent high-frequency resonance peaks in the track bed vibration energy. TBBVs had a significant effect on low-frequency WRLs, and markedly influenced the VET across various frequency bands. Intense low-frequency and weak high-frequency intermodulation effects between the wheel‍–rail and track beds were observed. The effect of track bed vibrations can be disregarded when focusing on high-frequency WRLs above 200 Hz. Variations in the isolating layer stiffness have more significant effects on the track bed vibration energy than the WRL. Rational stiffness of the isolating layer should be selected to avoid mode-coupling resonance from track beds to the wheel‍–‍rail subsystem.

无砟轨道振动特性及其对轮轨宽频动态相互作用的影响机理

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