JZUS - Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE

Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B

Accepted manuscript available online (unedited version)

Deciphering the tumor microenvironment in esophageal cancer: cellular heterogeneity and functional crosstalk

Author(s): Zongru ZHOU, Jiaxin LIU, Jie JIA, Ziyi ZHANG, Zhuoyu CHENG, Xueyi JIANG, Chunyan LI
Affiliation(s): School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; more
Corresponding email(s): lichunyan@buaa.edu.cn
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Zongru ZHOU, Jiaxin LIU, Jie JIA, Ziyi ZHANG, Zhuoyu CHENG, Xueyi JIANG, Chunyan LI. Deciphering the tumor microenvironment in esophageal cancer: cellular heterogeneity and functional crosstalk[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B,in press.Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering,in press.https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2500577

@article{title="Deciphering the tumor microenvironment in esophageal cancer: cellular heterogeneity and functional crosstalk",
author="Zongru ZHOU, Jiaxin LIU, Jie JIA, Ziyi ZHANG, Zhuoyu CHENG, Xueyi JIANG, Chunyan LI",
journal="Journal of Zhejiang University Science B",
year="in press",
publisher="Zhejiang University Press & Springer",
doi="https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2500577"
}

%0 Journal Article
%T Deciphering the tumor microenvironment in esophageal cancer: cellular heterogeneity and functional crosstalk
%A Zongru ZHOU
%A Jiaxin LIU
%A Jie JIA
%A Ziyi ZHANG
%A Zhuoyu CHENG
%A Xueyi JIANG
%A Chunyan LI
%J Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B
%P
%@ 1673-1581
%D in press
%I Zhejiang University Press & Springer
doi="https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2500577"

TY - JOUR
T1 - Deciphering the tumor microenvironment in esophageal cancer: cellular heterogeneity and functional crosstalk
A1 - Zongru ZHOU
A1 - Jiaxin LIU
A1 - Jie JIA
A1 - Ziyi ZHANG
A1 - Zhuoyu CHENG
A1 - Xueyi JIANG
A1 - Chunyan LI
J0 - Journal of Zhejiang University Science B
SP -
EP -
%@ 1673-1581
Y1 - in press
PB - Zhejiang University Press & Springer
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doi="https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2500577"

Abstract
Chinese Summary
Academic Network
Reviewer Comment

Abstract: Esophageal cancer (EC) is a highly prevalent malignant tumor worldwide, with a particularly high incidence in regions such as Asia. The poor prognosis of EC is attributed mainly to late detection, high invasiveness, and limited treatment efficacy. Growing evidence has revealed a close association between the adverse outcomes of EC and the tumor microenvironment (TME). This review comprehensively summarizes advances made from 2020 to 2025 in understanding the TME of EC based on single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics. First, we illustrate the heterogeneity of major cellular components within the TME, with a focus on subtype classification, dynamic phenotypic changes, and the clinical significance of T cells, B cells, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), dendritic cells (DCs), and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Then, we highlight the functional crosstalk mechanisms underlying anti-tumor immunity and the dual regulatory role of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in the TME. Finally, we address current challenges in EC TME research, including inconsistencies in cell subtype classification, significant inter-patient heterogeneity, and incomplete understanding of cellular crosstalk signaling networks. We aim to provide a foundation for further mechanistic exploration of EC TME and to support the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

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