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Bio-Design and Manufacturing  2021 Vol.4 No.1 P.123-145

http://doi.org/10.1007/s42242-020-00099-z


Fluid-driven artificial muscles: bio-design, manufacturing, sensing, control, and applications


Author(s):  Chao Zhang, Pingan Zhu, Yangqiao Lin, Wei Tang, Zhongdong Jiao, Huayong Yang, Jun Zou

Affiliation(s):  State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; more

Corresponding email(s):   junzou@zju.edu.cn

Key Words:  Artificial muscles, Fluid, Bio-design, Manufacturing, Sensoring, Control


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Chao Zhang, Pingan Zhu, Yangqiao Lin, Wei Tang, Zhongdong Jiao, Huayong Yang, Jun Zou. Fluid-driven artificial muscles: bio-design, manufacturing, sensing, control, and applications[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science D, 2021, 4(1): 123-145.

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Abstract: 
Developing artificial muscles that can replace biological muscles to accomplish various tasks is what we have long been aiming for. Recent advances in flexible materials and 3D printing technology greatly promote the development of artificial muscle technology. A variety of flexible material-based artificial muscles that are driven by different external stimuli, including pressure, voltage, light, magnetism, temperature, etc., have been developed. Among these, fluid-driven artificial muscles (FAMs), which can convert the power of fluid (gas or liquid) into the force output and displacement of flexible materials, are the most widely used actuation methods for industrial robots, medical instruments, and human-assisted devices due to their simplicity, excellent safety, large actuation force, high energy efficiency, and low cost. Herein, the bio-design, manufacturing, sensing, control, and applications of FAMs are introduced, including conventional pneumatic/hydraulic artificial muscles and several innovative artificial muscles driven by functional fluids. Whats more, the challenges and future directions of FAMs are discussed.

浙江大学邹俊等 | 流体驱动的人工肌肉:生物设计、制造、传感、控制和应用

本综述论文从仿生设计和先进制造等方面对流体驱动人工肌肉进行总结,并讨论目前面临的挑战和未来发展趋势。我们长期以来一直致力于开发可以替代生物肌肉来完成各种任务的人工肌肉。柔性材料和3D打印技术的最新进展极大地推动了人工肌肉技术的发展。人们已经开发了由不同的外部刺激驱动的各种基于柔性材料的人工肌肉,包括压力、电压、光、磁、温度等。其中,流体驱动的人工肌肉(FAM)可以将流体(气体或液体)的动力转换成柔性材料的力和位移输出。由于它们简单、安全性高、驱动力大、能效高且成本低,是工业机器人、医疗器械和人工辅助装置中最广泛使用的驱动方法。本文介绍了FAM的生物设计、制造、传感、控制和应用,包括传统的气动/液压人工肌肉和由功能流体驱动的几种创新型人工肌肉。此外,文中还讨论了FAM的挑战和未来发展方向。

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