JZUS - Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE

Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE A 2019 Vol.20 No.11 P.864-881

http://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A1900163

Thermo-elasto-hydrodynamic analysis of triangular textured mechanical face seals

Author(s): Xiao Yang, Xu-dong Peng, Xiang-kai Meng, Jin-bo Jiang, Yu-ming Wang
Affiliation(s): MOE Engineering Research Center of Process Equipment and Its Remanufacture, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
Corresponding email(s): xdpeng@126.com
Key Words: Thermo-elasto-hydrodynamic (TEHD), Mechanical seal, Surface texturing, Triangular dimple, Aviation piston pump

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Abstract: A 3D thermo-elasto-hydrodynamic (TEHD) model is presented to study the effects of triangular dimples on the load-carrying capacity, leakage and friction of a mechanical seal operated under mixed or full film lubrication conditions. The model is solved by the finite element method (FEM), which takes into account the effects of the Jakobsson-Floberg-Olsson (JFO) cavitation boundary condition, surface roughness, elastic-plastic contact, thermo-elastic deformation, and the temperature-viscosity relation. The numerical results of the TEHD model are quite different from those of the hydrodynamic (HD) and thermo-hydrodynamic (THD) models, especially at high speeds. In order to obtain the optimum shape and distribution of the triangular dimples, a comparative study is conducted to investigate different distributions of equilateral triangles and isosceles right triangles. The results show that a surface textured mechanical seal with isosceles right triangular dimples has the most significant hydrodynamic and pumping effects which, in turn, are beneficial to sealing face opening behavior and leakage limitation. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental ones, and offer new guidance for the future design and development of high-speed mechanical seals for aviation piston pumps.

By considering the cavitation boundary, surface roughness, elastic-plastic contact, thermo-elastic deformation, and temperature-viscosity relation, the manuscript under review developed a 3-D TEHD model for the surface texturing mechanical seal which can be used in piston pumps, nuclear pump and other rotating machinery and equipment systems. The theoretical results have been compared with those of the HD and THD models under the high-speed conditions, and the accuracy of THED has been discussed. The study process and results have important theoretical and engineering practical values for predicting the seal performance or designing such high-performance seal.

三角形织构化机械密封的热弹流分析

目的:为了提高机械密封的摩擦学特性和密封性能,建立三维热弹性流体动力润滑理论模型来研究三角形织构对机械密封性能的影响,并针对航空轴向柱塞泵机械密封的实际工况,对织构的形状、排布和深度进行优化.
创新点:1. 建立机械密封热弹性流体动力润滑模型,揭示三角形织构在混合和全膜润滑条件下的减磨减漏机理. 2. 以低摩擦和低泄露为目标,采用数值模拟和实验方法,优化三角形织构的形状和排布方式.
方法:1. 通过理论推导,建立机械密封热弹性流体动力润滑模型,并与热流体动力润滑模型和流体动力润滑模型进行对比,发现热弹性流体动力模型更符合实际情况(图6~10); 2. 通过数值模拟,优化三角形织构的形状、排布以及深度(图14~22). 3. 通过实验研究,测得织构端面温度,验证热弹流理论模型的正确性(图25).
结论:1. 由于机械密封的热力变形,密封端面形成收敛性间隙,因此更有利于减少泄漏; 2. 与同向排布相比,相向排布的三角形织构能产生更强的流体动压效应,且内外径织构数目越多、数目差距越小时,动压效应越强; 3. 直角三角形织构的动压效应强于等边三角形织构,并且在一定工况下能产生足够的液膜承载力使密封端面开启.
关键词：热弹性流体;机械密封;表面织构;三角形微孔;航空柱塞泵

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