Full Text:   <3394>

CLC number: O64; R914

On-line Access: 2024-08-27

Received: 2023-10-17

Revision Accepted: 2024-05-08

Crosschecked: 0000-00-00

Cited: 1

Clicked: 6382

Citations:  Bibtex RefMan EndNote GB/T7714

-   Go to

Article info.
1. Reference List
Open peer comments

Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B 2007 Vol.8 No.1 P.45-55

http://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.2007.B0045


Microwave-assisted synthesis, anticonvulsant activity and quantum mechanical modelling of N-(4-bromo-3-methylphenyl) semicarbazones


Author(s):  SHALINI Mehta, YOGEESWARI Perumal, SRIRAM Dharmarajan, INDUJA Sridharan

Affiliation(s):  Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Pharmacy Group, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani-333031, India

Corresponding email(s):   pyogee@bits-pilani.ac.in

Key Words:  Anticonvulsants, Aryl semicarbazones, Quantum mechanics (QM), Molecular orbital surfaces


SHALINI Mehta, YOGEESWARI Perumal, SRIRAM Dharmarajan, INDUJA Sridharan. Microwave-assisted synthesis, anticonvulsant activity and quantum mechanical modelling of N-(4-bromo-3-methylphenyl) semicarbazones[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 2007, 8(1): 45-55.

@article{title="Microwave-assisted synthesis, anticonvulsant activity and quantum mechanical modelling of N-(4-bromo-3-methylphenyl) semicarbazones",
author="SHALINI Mehta, YOGEESWARI Perumal, SRIRAM Dharmarajan, INDUJA Sridharan",
journal="Journal of Zhejiang University Science B",
volume="8",
number="1",
pages="45-55",
year="2007",
publisher="Zhejiang University Press & Springer",
doi="10.1631/jzus.2007.B0045"
}

%0 Journal Article
%T Microwave-assisted synthesis, anticonvulsant activity and quantum mechanical modelling of N-(4-bromo-3-methylphenyl) semicarbazones
%A SHALINI Mehta
%A YOGEESWARI Perumal
%A SRIRAM Dharmarajan
%A INDUJA Sridharan
%J Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B
%V 8
%N 1
%P 45-55
%@ 1673-1581
%D 2007
%I Zhejiang University Press & Springer
%DOI 10.1631/jzus.2007.B0045

TY - JOUR
T1 - Microwave-assisted synthesis, anticonvulsant activity and quantum mechanical modelling of N-(4-bromo-3-methylphenyl) semicarbazones
A1 - SHALINI Mehta
A1 - YOGEESWARI Perumal
A1 - SRIRAM Dharmarajan
A1 - INDUJA Sridharan
J0 - Journal of Zhejiang University Science B
VL - 8
IS - 1
SP - 45
EP - 55
%@ 1673-1581
Y1 - 2007
PB - Zhejiang University Press & Springer
ER -
DOI - 10.1631/jzus.2007.B0045


Abstract: 
Objective: To study the effect of halo substitution on disubstituted aryl semicarbazones on the anticonvulsant potential and model the activity based on quantum mechanics. Methods: A series of twenty-six compounds of N4-(4-bromo-3-methylphenyl) semicarbazones were synthesized and evaluated for the anticonvulsant activity in the maximal electroshock seizure (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) seizure threshold tests. Some potential compounds were also tested in the subcutaneous strychnine (scSTY) and subcutaneous picrotoxin (scPIC) seizure threshold tests. The synthesized compounds were tested for behavioral impairment and CNS (central nervous system) depression in mice. Quantum mechanical modelling was carried out on these compounds to gain understanding on the structural features essential for activity. Results: Some compounds possessed broad spectrum anticonvulsant activity as indicated by their effect in pentylenetetrazole, strychnine, picrotoxin and maximal electroshock seizures models in resemblance to other aryl semicarbazone derivatives reported earlier. The higher the difference in HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) and LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) energy levels was, the greater was the activity profile. Conclusion: The pharmacophoric requirements for compounds to exhibit anticonvulsant activity that includes one aryl unit in proximity to a hydrogen donor-acceptor domain and an electron donor have been justified with the molecular orbital surface analysis of the synthesized compounds.

Darkslateblue:Affiliate; Royal Blue:Author; Turquoise:Article

Reference

[1] Boisser, J.R., Simon, P., 1965. Amoxapine in experimental psychopharmacology: a neuroleptic or an antidepressant? Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther., 158:212-218.

[2] Chen, L.L., Yad, J.B., Yang, J.B., Yang, J., 2005. Predicting MDCK cell permeation coefficients of organic molecules using membrane-interaction QSAR analysis. Acta Pharm. Sin., 26(11):1322-1328.

[3] Dewar, J.S.M., Walter, T., 1977. The MNDO method: approximations and parameters. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 99(15):4899-4907.

[4] Dichter, M.A., 1998. Mechanisms of action of new antiepileptic drugs. Adv. Neurol., 76:1-8.

[5] Dimmock, J.R., Sidhu, K.K., Tumber, S.D., Basran, S.K., Chen, M., Quail, J.W., Yang, J., Rozas, I., Weaver, D.F., 1995. Some aryl semicarbazones possessing anticonvulsants activities. Eur. J. Med. Chem., 30(4):287-295.

[6] Kadaba, P.K., 1984. Triazolines XΙΙΙ: Δ2-1,2,3-triazolines, anew class of anticonvulsants. J. Pharm. Sci., 73(6):850-856.

[7] Krall, R.I., Penry, J.K., White, B.G., Kupferberg, H.J., Swinyard, E.A., 1978. Antiepileptic drug development: II. anticonvulsant drug screening. Epilepsia, 19(4):409-415.

[8] Kupferberg, H.J., 1989. Antiepileptic drug development program: a cooperative effort of government and industry. Epilepsia, 30(Suppl. 1):S51-S56.

[9] Pandeya, S.N., Yogeeswari, P., Stables, J.P., 2000. Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of 4-bromophenyl substituted aryl semicarbazones. Eur. J. Med. Chem., 35(10):879-885.

[10] Porsolt, R.D., Anton, G., Blanet, N., Jalfre, M., 1978. Behavioural despair in rats: a new model sensitive to antidepressant treatments. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 47(4):379-486.

[11] Porter, R.J., Cereghino, J.J., Gladding, G.D., Hessie, B.J., Kupferberg, H.J., Scoville, B., 1984. Antiepileptic drug development program. Cleve. Clin. Q., 51(2):293-299.

[12] Roberts, E., 1962. Methods in Enzymology. Academic Press, New York, Vol. 4, p.612.

[13] Thirumurugan, R., Sriram, D., Saxena, A., Stables, J., Yogeeswari, P., 2006. 2,4-dimethoxyphenylsemicarbazones with anticonvulsant activity against three animal models of seizures: synthesis and pharmacological evaluation. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 14(9):3106-3112.

[14] Willmore, L.J., 2005. Antiepileptic drugs and neuroprotection: current status and future roles. Epilepsy Behav., 7(Suppl. 3):25-28.

[15] Yogeeswari, P., Sriram, D., Brahmandam, A., Sridharan, I., Thirumurugan, R., Stables, J.P., 2003. Synthesis of novel aryl semicarbazones as anticonvulsants with GABA-mediated mechanism. Med. Chem. Res., 12(2):57-68.

[16] Yogeeswari, P., Thirumurugan, R., Kavya, R., Samuel, J.S., Stables, J.P., Sriram, D., 2004a. 3-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl-substituted semicarbazones: synthesis and anticonvulsant activity. Eur. J. Med. Chem., 39(8):729-736.

[17] Yogeeswari, P., Sriram, D., Pandeya, S.N., Stables, J.P., 2004b. 4-sulphamoylphenyl semicarbazones with anticonvulsant activity. Farmaco, 59(8):609-616.

[18] Yogeeswari, P., Sriram, D., Veena, V., Kavya, R., Rakhra, K., Mehta, S., Ragavendran, J.V., Thirumurugan, R., Stables, J.P., 2005a. Synthesis of aryl semicarbazones as potential anticonvulsant agents. Biomed. Pharmacother., 59(1-2):51-57.

[19] Yogeeswari, P., Sriram, D., Thirumurugan, R., Ragavendran, J.V., Sudhan, K., Kuamr, R., Stables, J.P., 2005b. Discovery of N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-substituted semicarbazones as anticonvulsants: hybrid pharmacophore-based design. J. Med. Chem., 48(20):6202-6206.

[20] Yogeeswari, P., Ragavendran, J.V., Thirumurugan, R., Induja, S., Sriram, D., Stables, J.P., 2006. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship on anticonvulsant aryl semicarbazones. Med. Chem., 2(1):55-62.

[21] Zerner, M.C., 1991. Hartree-Fock Self-Consistent Field Method. In: Lipkowtz, K.B., Boyd, D.B. (Eds.), Reviews in Computational Chemistry, 2nd Ed. VCH Publishers Inc., Weinheim, p.313.

Open peer comments: Debate/Discuss/Question/Opinion

<1>

Please provide your name, email address and a comment





Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
Tel: +86-571-87952783; E-mail: cjzhang@zju.edu.cn
Copyright © 2000 - 2024 Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE