Similar articles

Abstract: Objective: Being overweight or obese comprises a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis. Fat tissue also generates factors stimulating angiogenesis, the process by which new blood vessels form. The purpose of this paper is to assess concentrations of the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and its soluble type-1 and type-2 receptors (sVEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2) in plasma of patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) depending on the level of nutrition according to body mass index (BMI). Methods: The study group included patients suffering from symptomatic PAD (n=46) in Fontaine classes IIa–IV without any history of neoplastic disease and who have a normal BMI (n=15), are overweight (n=21) or are obese (n=10). The control group (n=30) consisted of healthy non-smoking volunteers who were neither overweight nor obese. Venous blood plasma samples were collected from both groups at rest in the morning to determine plasma concentrations of VEGF-A, sVEGFR-1, and sVEGFR-2 using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Results: The group of patients with PAD co-existent with being overweight or obese tended to have higher mean concentration levels of VEGF-A and sVEGFR-2 when compared with patients suffering from PAD with normal BMI. A statistically significant positive correlation was obtained between BMI and average plasma concentrations of sVEGFR-2 (R=0.37, P=0.0103). However, no significant correlation was noticed between BMI and VEGF-A or sVEGFR-1 concentrations. Conclusions: A positive correlation determined between the level of antiangiogenic factor and BMI value may be indicative of the linearly growing prevalence of some antiangiogenic factors in patients with metabolic disorders, which may be one of numerous factors contributing to incomplete efficiency of collateral circulation development in patients with PAD.

下肢慢性缺血患者的超重和肥胖对血浆中VEGF-A、VEGFR-1和VEGFR-2浓度的影响

[1]Ahmadvand, D., Rahbarizadeh, F., Iri-Sofla, F.J., et al., 2010. Inhibition of angiogenesis by recombinant VEGF receptor fragments. Lab. Med., 41(7):417-422.

[2]Barańska, P., Jerczyńska, H., Pawłowska, Z., 2005. Vascular endothelial growth factor-structure and functions. Postepy Biochem., 51(1):12-21 (in Polish).

[3]Biela, U., Pająk, A., Kaczmarczyk-Chałas, K., et al., 2005. Incidence of overweight and obesity in women and men between the ages of 20–74. Results of the WOBASZ program. Kardiol. Pol., 63(6 Suppl. 4):s632-s635 (in Polish).

[4]Bouloumié, A., Drexler, H., Lafontan, M., et al., 1998. Leptin, the product of Ob gene, promotes angiogenesis. Circ. Res., 83(10):1059-1066.

[5]Findley, C.M., Mitchell, R.G., Duscha, B.D., et al., 2008. Plasma levels of soluble Tie2 and vascular endothelial growth factor distinguish critical limb ischemia from intermittent claudication in patients with peripheral arterial disease. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 52(5):387-393.

[6]Isner, J.M., Pieczek, A., Shainfeld, R., et al., 1996. Clinical evidence of angiogenesis after arterial gene transfer of phVEGF165 in patient with ischaemic limb. Lancet, 348(9024):370-374.

[7]Kajdaniuk, D., Marek, B., Fołtyn, W., et al., 2011. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in endocrinology and oncology. Endokrynol. Pol., 62(Suppl. 3):14-22 (in Polish).

[8]Kou, B., Li, Y., Zhang, L., et al., 2004. In vivo inhibition of tumor angiogenesis by a soluble VEGFR-2 fragment. Exp. Mol. Pathol., 76(2):129-137.

[9]Lijnen, H.R., 2008. Angiogenesis and obesity. Cardiovasc. Res., 78(2):286-293.

[10]Liu, W., Zhang, X., Song, C., et al., 2014. Expression and characterization of a soluble VEGF receptor 2 protein. Cell Biosci., 4(1):14.

[11]Loebig, M., Klement, J., Schmoller, A., et al., 2010. Evidence for relationship between VEGF and BMI independent of insulin sensitivity by glucose clamp procedure in a homogenous group healthy young men. PLOS ONE, 5(9):e12610.

[12]Miyazawa-Hoshimoto, S., Takahashi, K., Bujo, H., et al., 2003. Elevated serum vascular endothelial growth factor is associated with visceral fat accumulation in human obese subjects. Diabetologia, 46(11):1483-1488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00125-003-1221-6

[13]Mizia-Malarz, A., Sobol, G., Woś, H., 2008. Angiogenesis in the chronic inflammatory diseases and malignancies. Pol. Merkur. Lekarski, 24(141):185-189 (in Polish).

[14]Proczka, R., Polański, J., Małecki, M., et al., 2003. The significance of vascular endothelial growth factor in the neoangiogenesis process. The role of hypoxia in the endothelial cells proliferation process and in the formation of collateral circulation. Acta Angiol., 9(4):143-149 (in Polish).

[15]Rehman, J., Considine, R.V., Bovenkerk, J.E., et al., 2003. Obesity is associated with increased levels of circulating hepatocyte growth factor. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 41(8):1408-1413.

[16]Rość, D., Wieczór, R., Stankowska, K., et al., 2014. Plasma VEGF-A/SVEGFR-1 ratio as a potential ischemic marker in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease– preliminary report. Thromb Res., 133(Suppl. 3):S95.

[17]Sandhofer, A., Tatarczyk, T., Kirchmair, R., et al., 2009. Are plasma VEGF and its soluble receptor sFlt-1 atherogenic risk factors? Cross-sectional data from the SAPHIR study. Atherosclerosis, 206(1):265-269.

[18]Silha, J.V., Krsek, M., Sucharda, P., et al., 2005. Angiogenic factors are elevated in overweight and obese individuals. Int. J. Obesity (Lond.), 29(11):1308-1314.

[19]Skóra, J., Barć, P., Pupka, A., et al., 2013. Transplantation of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells with VEGF gene improves diabetic critical limb ischaemia. Endokrynol. Pol., 64(2):129-138.

[20]Stehr, A., Töpel, I., Müller, S., et al., 2010. VEGF: a surrogate marker for peripheral vascular disease. Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc., 39(3):330-332.

[21]Świątkowska-Stodulska, R., Kazimierska, E., Sworczak, K., et al., 2007. Hemostatic disturbances in obesity. Wiad. Lek., 60(3-4):185-188 (in Polish).

[22]Tendera, M., Aboyans, V., Bartrelink, M.L., et al., 2011. ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral artery diseases: document covering atherosclerotic disease of extracranial carotid and vertebral, mesenteric, renal, upper and lower extremity arteries. The task force on the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral artery diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur. Heart J., 32(22):2851-2906.

[23]Wada, H., Ura, S., Kitaoka, S., et al., 2011. Distinct characteristics of circulating vascular endothelial growth factor-A and C levels in human subjects. PLOS ONE, 6(12):e29351.

[24]Wieczór, R., Gadomska, G., Ruszkowska-Ciastek, B., et al., 2015a. Impact of type 2 diabetes on the plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and its soluble receptors type 1 and type 2 in patients with peripheral arterial disease. J. Zhejiang Univ.-Sci. B (Biomed. & Biotechnol.), 16(11):948-956.

[25]Wieczór, R., Gadomska, G., Góralczyk, B., et al., 2015b. Selected angiogenic factors in plasma of patients with lower limb symptomatic peripheral arterial disease— preliminary report. Int. Angiol., 34(6):545-551.