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Abstract: Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are formations at sites with persistent inflammatory stimulation, including tumors. These ectopic lymphoid organs mainly consist of chemo-attracting B cells, T cells, and supporting dendritic cells (DCs). Mature TLSs exhibit functional organization for the optimal development and collaboration of adaptive immune response, delivering an augmented effect on the tumor microenvironment (TME). The description of the positive correlation between TLSs and tumor prognosis is reliable only under a certain condition involving the localization and maturation of TLSs. Emerging evidence suggests that underlying mechanisms of the anti-tumor effect of TLSs pave the way for novel immunotherapies. Several approaches have been developed to take advantage of intratumoral TLSs, either by combining it with therapeutic agents or by inducing the neogenesis of TLSs.

三级淋巴结构--影响肿瘤浸润免疫细胞编排、调控及功能的独特结构

陈晶^1,2，陈健¹，汪洌^2,3,4
1浙江大学医学院附属第二医院胃肠外科，中国杭州市，310009
²浙江大学医学院免疫研究所及附属第一医院骨髓移植中心，中国杭州市，310003
³浙江大学医学中心良渚实验室，中国杭州市，311121
⁴浙江大学癌症中心，中国杭州市，310058
概要：三级淋巴结构主要在包括肿瘤在内的慢性炎症部位的非淋巴组织中发展形成。这一异位形成的淋巴结构主要包含趋化因子招募而来的B细胞、T细胞以及起支持作用的树突状细胞（DC）。成熟的三级淋巴结构有利于适应性免疫细胞的发育与互作，进而增强其抗肿瘤免疫应答。但该抗肿瘤效应取决于三级淋巴结构的具体定位以及成熟阶段。目前有越来越多的研究表明三级淋巴结构的抗肿瘤机制将有助于新型免疫疗法的探索。现有的治疗策略研究方案包括联合瘤内三级淋巴结构与药物治疗或诱导瘤内三级淋巴结构的形成，从而实现提升肿瘤治疗疗效和改善肿瘤患者预后的目的。

关键词：三级淋巴结构；肿瘤浸润免疫细胞；肿瘤微环境

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