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On-line Access: 2024-08-27

Received: 2023-10-17

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing  2020 Vol.3 No.4 P.396-409

http://doi.org/10.1007/s42242-020-00086-4


Investigation of bone reconstruction using an attenuated immunogenicity xenogenic composite scafold fabricated by 3D printing


Author(s):  Qiongxi Pan, Chenyuan Gao, Yingying Wang, Yili Wang, Cong Mao, Quan Wang, Sophia N. Economidou, Dennis Douroumis, Feng Wen, Lay Poh Tan & Huaqiong Li

Affiliation(s):  School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang Province, People�s Republic of China; more

Corresponding email(s):   lptan@ntu.edu.sg, lihq@wiucas.ac.cn

Key Words:  Polycaprolactone, 3D printing, Decellularized porcine bone, Cranial bone regeneration, Attenuated immunogenicity


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Abstract: 
Bone is known to have a natural function to heal itself. However, if the bone damage is beyond a critical degree, intervention such as bone grafting may be imperative. In this work, the fabrication of a novel bone scafold composed of natural bone components and polycaprolactone (PCL) using 3D printing is put forward. ?1, 3-galactosyltransferase defcient pigs were used as the donor source of a xenograft. decellularized porcine bone (DCB) with attenuated immunogenicity was used as the natural component of the scafold with the aim to promote bone regeneration. The 3D printed DCB-PCL scafolds combined essential advantages such as uniformity of the interconnected macropores and high porosity and enhanced compressive strength. The biological properties of the DCB-PCL scafolds were evaluated by studying cell adhesion, viability, alkaline phosphatase activity and osteogenic gene expression of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The in vitro results demonstrated that the DCB-PCL scafolds exhibit an enhanced performance in promoting bone diferentiation, which is correlated to the DCB content. Furthermore, critical-sized cranial rat defects were used to assess the efect of DCB-PCL scafolds on bone regeneration in vivo. The results confrm that in comparison with PCL scafolds, the DCB-PCL scafolds can signifcantly improve new bone formation in cranial defects. Thus, the proposed 3D printed DCB-PCL scafolds emerge as a promising regeneration alternative in the clinical treatment of large bone defects.

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