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CLC number: TN929.5

On-line Access: 2024-08-27

Received: 2023-10-17

Revision Accepted: 2024-05-08

Crosschecked: 2023-08-17

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Citations:  Bibtex RefMan EndNote GB/T7714

 ORCID:

Yuanwei LIU

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6389-8941

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering  2023 Vol.24 No.12 P.1689-1707

http://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.2300490


Simultaneously transmitting and reflecting (STAR) RISs for 6G: fundamentals, recent advances, and future directions


Author(s):  Yuanwei LIU, Jiaqi XU, Zhaolin WANG, Xidong MU, Jianhua ZHANG, Ping ZHANG

Affiliation(s):  School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; more

Corresponding email(s):   yuanwei.liu@qmul.ac.uk

Key Words:  Sixth-generation wireless communication (6G), Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), Smart radio environment, Simultaneous transmission and reflection


Yuanwei LIU, Jiaqi XU, Zhaolin WANG, Xidong MU, Jianhua ZHANG, Ping ZHANG. Simultaneously transmitting and reflecting (STAR) RISs for 6G: fundamentals, recent advances, and future directions[J]. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, 2023, 24(12): 1689-1707.

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author="Yuanwei LIU, Jiaqi XU, Zhaolin WANG, Xidong MU, Jianhua ZHANG, Ping ZHANG",
journal="Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering",
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number="12",
pages="1689-1707",
year="2023",
publisher="Zhejiang University Press & Springer",
doi="10.1631/FITEE.2300490"
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A1 - Yuanwei LIU
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A1 - Xidong MU
A1 - Jianhua ZHANG
A1 - Ping ZHANG
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Abstract: 
Simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) have been attracting significant attention in both academia and industry for their advantages of achieving 360° coverage and enhanced degrees-of-freedom. This article first identifies the fundamentals of STAR-RIS, by discussing the hardware models, channel models, and signal models. Then, three representative categorizing approaches for STAR-RISs are introduced from the phase-shift, directional, and energy consumption perspectives. Furthermore, the beamforming design of STAR-RISs is investigated for both independent and coupled phase-shift cases. As a recent advance, a general optimization framework, which has high compatibility and provable optimality regardless of the application scenarios, is proposed. As a further advance, several promising applications are discussed to demonstrate the potential benefits of applying STAR-RISs in sixth-generation wireless communication. Lastly, a few future directions and research opportunities are highlighted.

面向6G的融合透射与反射智能超表面技术:基本原理、最新进展和未来方向

刘元玮1,许嘉琪1,王照霖1,慕熹东1,张建华2,张平2
1伦敦玛丽女王大学电子工程与计算机科学学院,英国伦敦市,E1 4NS
2北京邮电大学网络与交换技术国家重点实验室,中国北京市,100876
摘要:融合透射与反射智能超表面(STAR-RIS)因其可实现360°覆盖和增强自由度的优势而备受学术界和工业界关注。本文首先从硬件模型、信道模型和信号模型3个角度概述STAR-RIS的基本原理。随后,从相移、方向性和能耗角度介绍STAR-RIS的3种代表性分类方法。本文还研究了独立相移和耦合相移情况下STAR-RIS的波束成形设计,并针对两种相移模型提出一个通用优化框架。该框架具有很高的兼容性和可证明的最优性,并且不受应用场景限制。为展现STAR-RIS的潜在优势,进一步讨论了STAR-RIS在第六代无线通信(6G)中几个前景广阔的应用。最后,针对性地探讨了STAR-RIS未来的研究方向和机遇。

关键词:第六代无线通信(6G);智能超表面;智能无线电环境;融合透射与反射

Darkslateblue:Affiliate; Royal Blue:Author; Turquoise:Article

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